ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS

As opposed to dry or dust cyclones, which separate solids from gasses, hydrocyclones are separators that separate aqueous solutions (solid – liquid or liquid – liquid) by utilizing the difference in gravity and density.

A hydrocyclone comprises a cylindrical shaped feed part with tangential feed; an overflow part with vortex finder; a conical part with an apex. A cyclone has no moving parts.

Working Principle

Product is fed into the hydrocyclone tangentially under a certain pressure. This creates a centrifugal movement, pushing the heavier phase outward and downward alongside the wall of the conical part. The decreasing diameter in the conical part increases the speed and so enhances the separation. Finally, the concentrated solids are discharged through the apex. The vortex finder in the overflow part creates a fast rotating upward spiral movement of the fluid in the center of the conically shaped housing. The fluid is discharged through the overflow outlet.

Hydrocyclone Parameters

The following parameters are decisive for an optimum cyclone selection:

Design
Difference of the specific weight of two material
The speed of the feed
Feeding size
The counter pressure at the overflow and apex

Application Areas

Mineral Processing Industry

Hydrocyclones are frequently utilized in the metallurgical and mineral processing industry for the classification of fine particles and dewatering of slurries.

Sand Operation and Classification

Hydrocyclones used for sand separation and classification and as a separator of sand from water or sludge

Oil-water Separation

Hydrocyclones are also used to separate water and oil from each other.

Starch Industry

Hydrocyclones are commonplace in the potato starch; cassava starch; wheat starch and corn starch industry for the concentration and refining of starch slurries.

Potato Processing Industry

Hydrocyclones are used for the separation of starch from cutting water in the french fries and potato crisp and potato flakes industry

https://www.mogroup.com/portfolio/mhc-series/

yukarıdaki 4 iconu ve açıklamasını üstteki sayfadan aldım. Siteye bunları koymak güzel olur.

İcon açıklaması

Innovative inlet head design allows smooth flow of material

İcon açıklaması

Robust manifold design allows ease of maintenance and superior wear life

İcon açıklaması

Continuously improved design brings next generation hydrocyclone technology in wet classification

İcon açıklması

Wide range of applications and broad product line offering

PARAGROUP AIS HYDROCYCLONES
	Feeding size, mm	H	D	W	Apex Inner Diameter (d_a)	Vortex Inner Diameter (dv)
PARAHCL 45	Ø8	523	45	110	6-8-10-12-14-16-18-20	14-16
PARAHCL 75	Ø15	617	75	130	6-8-10-12-14-16-18-20	14-16
PARAHCL 100	Ø40	561	100	230	8-12-15-20-25-35	44
PARAHCL 125	60*30	1016	125	290	15-20-25-28-30-35-40	50
PARAHCL 150	60*30	1020	150	250	15-20-25-28-30-35-40	50
PARAHCL 200	80*40	1145	200	290	20-22-23-25-30-32-33-38-40-50	56
PARAHCL 250	102*51	1285	250	345	15-20-25-28-30-35-40-42-45-50-55-60	70
PARAHCL 350	130*65	1600	350	370	20-25-28-30-35-40-42-45-50-55-60-65-70-75-80-85-90	125
PARAHCL 450	140*75	1515	400	415	70-75-80	150

Powered by

Pressure swing adsorption units use beds of solid adsorbent to separate impurities from hydrogen streams leading to high-purity high-pressure hydrogen and a low-pressure tail gas stream containing the impurities and some of the hydrogen. The beds are then regenerated by depressurizing and purging. Part of the hydrogen (up to 20%) may be lost in the tail gas.

The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology is based on a physical binding of gas molecules to adsorbent material. The respective force acting between the gas molecules and the adsorbent material depends on the gas component, type of adsorbent material, partial pressure of the gas component, and operating temperature. The separation effect is based on differences in binding forces to the adsorbent material. Highly volatile components with low polarity, such as hydrogen, are practically nonadsorbable as opposed to molecules such as nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon derivatives, and water vapor. Consequently, these impurities can be adsorbed from a hydrogen-containing stream, and high-purity hydrogen is recovered.

The pressure swing adsorption process works at basically constant temperature and uses the effect of alternating pressure and partial pressure to perform adsorption and desorption. Since heating or cooling is not required, short cycles within the range of minutes are achieved. The process consequently allows the economical removal of large amounts of impurities. Adsorption is carried out at high pressure (and hence high respective partial pressure) typically in the range of 10–40 bar until the equilibrium loading is reached. At this point in time, no further adsorption capacity is available, and the adsorbent material must be regenerated. This regeneration is accomplished by lowering the pressure to slightly above atmospheric pressure resulting in a respective decrease in equilibrium loading. As a result, the impurities on the adsorbent material are desorbed, and the adsorbent material is regenerated. The number of impurities removed from a gas stream within one cycle corresponds to the difference of adsorption to desorption loading. After termination of regeneration, pressure is increased back to adsorption pressure level, and the process starts again from the beginning.

Working Principle

The adsorption process is a batch process with multiple desiccant beds used in cyclic operation to continuously dry the gas. The number and arrangement of desiccant beds can vary from two towers to several towers alternatively to adsorption. Three separate functions or cycles must be performed alternately in each dryer tower:

Adsorbing or gas-drying cycle
Heating or regeneration cycle
Cooling cycle (prepares the regenerated bed for another adsorbing, or gas-drying, cycle)

System Components

Essential components of a solid desiccant dehydration system are:

Two or more adsorption towers (contactors) filled with a solid desiccant
High-temperature heater to provide hot regeneration gas to reactivate the desiccant in the towers
Regeneration gas cooler to condense water from the hot regeneration gas
Regeneration gas separator to remove the condensed water from the regeneration gas
Piping manifolds, switching valves, and controls to direct and control the flow of gases according to the process requirements

Drying/Reactivation Cycle

With drying in the first tower in two-tower systems, the wet inlet gas first passes through an efficient microfiber inlet filter separator where free liquids, entrained mists and solid particles are removed. Free liquids can damage or destroy the desiccant bed and solids can clog the bed.

Powered by

In most processes and applications, polymer dosing is required to have a better result at the end of process. Polymer dosing units are the equipment used for preparation and dosing of polymer solutions which are needed in treatment plants, most industrial processes or disinfection applications. They are generally composed of a polymer preparation tank manufactured by a material resistant to ch emicals, a polymer dosage screw, and mixers.

Paragroup AIS offers standardized and ready-to-use polymer dosing units which can be operated manually, semi-automatically or full- automatically according to the customers’ demands. They can be manufactured in different capacities depending on the requirements.

They are needed especially for automatically preparation of polymer solutions which are used as coagulants for suspended solids in the water treated in wastewater treatment plants. Polymer addition is a necessity to obtain a good result in water treatment both for the primary clarification-flocculation stage and the last sludge dehydration stage.

There are three main compartments of polymer dosing units: polymer solution preparation, ageing, and storage compartments. The incoming water is controlled by a pressure control mechanism. Dry polymer enters the feeding hopper and it is dosed to eductor. Dissolution process starts when the polymer in powder form which is dosed from eductor to the tank is mixed with water. The solution flows into the ageing compartment and it is made homogenized by means of the flash mixer. Finally, it comes to the storage compartment and dosing of solution is controlled by the sensitive level sensors.

Paragroup AIS Polymer Dosing Units are mainly made up of tank, dry polymer storage reservoir, dry polymer feeding screw, rapid mixer, slow mixer and drive units.

Features of the Paragroup AIS Polymer Dosing Unit

Reliable and efficient systems
Compact design
Available for continuous operation if required
Safe and easy operation
Economic solutions
Fast and easy installation
Low investment, operation and maintenance cost
Low energy consumption

APPLICATION AREA

Water treatment
Municipal wastewater treatment
Industrial wastewater treatment
Food industry
Cosmetic industry
Pulp and paper industry
Chemical industry
Leather industry
Textile industry
Mining industry
Boiler feed treatment
Cooling water treatment
Reverse osmosis
Ultrafiltration

WORKING PRINCIPLE

Polymer Dosing Units are commonly preferred in water and wastewater treatment plants to prepare polymer solutions used for further treatment processes. Dry polymer is stored in a reservoir which has a feeding screw at the bottom. The feeding screw doses needed amount of dry polymer to eductor which has a conical shape. Water also enters the eductor, mixes with the dry polymer, and directly flows through the tank. The solution in the tank is mixed by a flash mixer. The polymer is kept suspended by means of the low-speed mixer placed in the second tank (ageing compartment).

Dry polymer which is stored in the reservoir is dosed to the eductor. Water also enters the eductor, mixes with the dry polymer, and directly flows through the tank. The solution in the polymer solution preparation tank is mixed by a flash mixer. In the ageing compartment, the low-speed mixer keeps the polymer suspended. After these processes, the solution is stored in the storage compartment.

Powered by

It belongs to the class of pre-filtration equipment. Low-density solids coming to the filtration unit at the exit of the facility (waste or concentrated product) are thickened before they come to the equipment in the filter section (press filter, belt filter, vacuum belt filter, vacuum drum filter, vacuum disc filter, etc.), ensuring high density. In this way, by reducing the volume of the material that will come to the filter group, it is ensured that the material that is low in volume and high in density is formed. By coming to the filter group, it ensures both the performance of the filters and the selection of equipment with a smaller filter capacity while determining the filter capacity.

Paragroup AIS thickeners are equipped with new generation hydraulic drives, high-capacity feed wells, and low drag, high-capacity rakes to deliver superior solids settling performance. Along with their robust construction, Paragroup AIS thickeners ensure superior performance in high-torque applications.

Advantages

Various tank construction options
Low drag, high-capacity rakes
Specially engineered, high-performance feed well designs for enhanced solids settling
Options available for flocculant contactors and auto-dilution
New generation hydraulic drive with high torque capability
Integrated rake lift drive base with high-capacity hydraulic cylinders
Single hydraulic power unit powers both drive and rake lift
Automatic rake lift system with pressure switch torque alarms
Local control panel and PLC

Various Thickener Design

High Capacity/High Rate
Conventional
High Density Underflow (HDU)
Wastewater treatment

High Capacity

High-capacity feed well design with optimum retention time performance and even distribution of solids.
High torque capacity rakes.
Rake blades designed for precise removal of solids without disturbing the settled solids.
Low maintenance hydraulic drive base with torque and rake position monitoring capabilities.
Drive base lift up to 24″.
Overflow turbidity and underflow density meter options available.
Heavy duty bridge allowing for clear access to all drive components and process monitoring.

High Density Underflow

High angle conical bottom offers high compression of underflow solids.
Higher sidewalls than conventional thickeners allow for higher underflow SG densities.
Feed well evenly distributes the slurry throughout the tank allowing the solids to compress uniformly throughout the settling area.
Feed well is designed for optimizing flocculation time.
High torque rake fitted with vertical pickets allows for water removal from the compacted sludge.

Powered by

REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEMS

RO is a technology for removing dissolved solids and impurities from water using a semipermeable RO membrane that allows water to pass through but leaves most dissolved solids and other contaminants behind. RO membranes require water to be under high pressure (greater than osmotic pressure) to do this. The water that passes through the RO membrane is called “permeate” while the dissolved salts rejected by the RO membrane are called “concentrate”. A properly functioning RO system can remove up to 99.5% of incoming dissolved salts and impurities.

PARAGROUP AIS – RO SYSTEM

Paragroup AIS designs and builds Industrial Reverse Osmosis systems (RO Systems) ranging in size from 1 GPM (1440 GPD) to 300 GPM (432,000 GPD) that can remove up to 99.5% of dissolved salts and virtually all colloidal and suspended matter from the most challenging feed water including municipal, brackish, and sea water applications. RO units produce a high quality water yield at a low cost compared to other purification processes.

Our Industrial Reverse Osmosis systems are custom designed specifically for your water treatment needs by an experienced team of application, mechanical and chemical engineers. Paragroup AIS builds the RO system using only high quality components that will provide reliable long-term operation. They arrive at your site hydrostatically tested and ready to produce water with complete documentation and operator training. We also provide the pretreatment equipment and chemistry required to ensure optimal performance and life span of your RO membranes. You can feel confident knowing that we have a full service support team available 24/7 to assist with any emergencies.

Working Principle

Reverse Osmosis works by using a high pressure pump to increase the pressure on the salt side of the RO and force the water across the semi-permeable RO membrane, leaving almost all (around 95% to 99%) of dissolved salts behind in the reject stream. The amount of pressure required depends on the salt concentration of the feed water. The more concentrated the feed water, the more pressure is required to overcome the osmotic pressure.

The desalinated water that is demineralized or deionized, is called permeate (or product) water. The water stream that carries the concentrated contaminants that did not pass through the RO membrane is called the reject (or concentrate) stream.

When the feedwater enters the RO membrane under pressure (enough pressure to overcome the osmotic pressure), the water molecules pass through the semipermeable membrane and salts and other contaminants are not allowed to pass through and are discharged from the reject stream (also known as). concentrate or brine stream that goes to the drain or in some cases can be fed back into the feedwater source to be recycled via the RO system to save water). The water that passes through the RO membrane is called the permeate or product water, and usually about 95% to 99% of the dissolved salts are removed from it.

Powered by

PARAGROUP AIS – DAF SYSTEM

Paragroup AIS DAF systems are designed to remove total suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and oils and greases (O&G) from a wastewater stream. Contaminants are removed using a dissolved air-in-water solution produced by injecting air under pressure into a recycle stream of clarified DAF effluent. This recycle stream is then combined and mixed with incoming wastewater in an internal contact chamber where the dissolved air comes out of the solution in the form of micron-sized bubbles that attach to the contaminants. The bubbles and contaminants rise to the surface and form a floating bed of material that is removed by a surface skimmer into an internal hopper for further handling.

Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a proven and effective physical/chemical technology for treating a variety of industrial and municipal process and wastewater streams. DAF systems are commonly used for the removal of oils & greases and suspended solids to meet a variety of treatment goals including:

Product recovery and reuse
Pretreatment to meet sewer discharge limits
Pretreatment to reduce loading on downstream biological treatment systems
Polishing of biological treatment effluent
Thickening of biosolids

One of the most common DAF applications is for the pretreatment of wastewater to remove suspended solids and oils and greases prior to discharge to a municipal sewer or a biological treatment system. For example:

A Pretreatment DAF can be used by an industrial discharger to meet specific limits for oil and grease and/or suspended solids set by a municipality (e.g., to meet a discharge limit of 100 mg/L O&G, etc.).

An industry may need to use a Pretreatment DAF to remove contaminants (e.g., product solids, oils and greases, heavy metals, etc.) that would negatively impact a biological wastewater treatment system downstream.

In most cases, the wastewater contaminants must be chemically flocculated in order for the floatation system to remove them. Pretreatment DAF is used in about every industry class. DAF has proven to be very effective for the removal of biological solids from wastewa+K625ter streams. Some of the advantages over traditional, gravity clarification include:

Smaller footprint and more rapid implementation
Higher sludge solids content (4%TS vs. 1%TS) resulting in a much lower sludge volume
Ability to handle bulking solids that tend to float
More reliable effluent quality

Features of Paragroup AIS DAF System

Fifteen (15) different models to meet a variety of applications and flow ranges (10 to >2,000 gpm)
Complete, skid-mounted design for ease of installation
Rectangular profile for maximum space utilization
Rugged tank design that will not flex
Superior performance without the use of plate-pack that can foul or collapse
Quality drive and pump components for long-term reliability
Large, internal float hopper eliminates the need for an external float tank
Available in 304 or 316 SST tank construction
Recycle Piping available in PVC, CPVC, 304 SST,316SST
Several controls platforms (Motor Starter, Relay Logic, Integrated Controller, Allen Bradley PLC/HMI

Powered by

Paragroup AIS flotation equipment CAF, removes suspended solids, fats and colloids water treatment. Its compact and functional design makes our floats CAF easy to install, operate and maintain a low operating cost.

Unlike the operation of our float DAF dissolved air, our system cavitation air flotation is based on injection of microbubbles directly to the wastewater flow, without air supply

Floatation equipment is not required air compressors or pumps or pressure tanks for adequate wastewater treatment.

Its rectangular and compact design facilitates installation in tight spaces. The CAF float is composed of the following four sections:

Aeration section through a diffuser cavitation
Flotation section (clarification)
Canal solids discharge by worm
Canal clarified water discharge through adjustable overflow

Resimde fransızca yazılar silinerek siteye konulursa daha iyi olur.

Working Principle of CAF System

In the first aeration section, the aerator sucks air from the environment, which descends through the central axis of the aerator, introduced into microbubbles directly in the wastewater flow. In its ascent, microbubbles adhere to the solids in suspension dragging towards the surface where they are kept in floating state.

At this point, the blade-rake sweep floating solids, fats, oils, suspensions and colloids , driven by a chain set, and lead to the discharge channel . Once there, the worm collects and transports the solid to a slurry container.

The water in the float section is continuously recycled to the aeration chamber through the recirculation pipes, and thus, sediment formation is prevented. Also, the continuous circulation of water in the aeration chamber is completely guaranteed, although the power has been interrupted.

Clarified water flows into a adjustable overflow which controls the level of the main tank and finally bound directly from the overflow to discharge.

Main Components

Scan Mechanism Float

At the top there is a computer scan mechanism floated , extended over the entire surface and electrically driven. Its chain drive polyacetal is low friction and high strength, with neoprene blades and supports in AISI 304/316 stainless steel and IP55 protection. The speed of this mechanism is variable frequency drive.

The Conveyor Screw Floated Sludge

The blades collect mud and drag float to a screw which conveys it up outside the machine. The screw is made of stainless steel and is a system operating fully automatically.

The sludge conveyor screw can be manufactured with flat or conical bottom.

Aerator

The aerator is the most important component of any CAF team as it is responsible for producing microbubbles will float the solids and fats were removed by flotation.

The proper functioning of this element will allow us to achieve high removal efficiencies in water.

Application Area

Below, we have compiled the main applications of our system cavitation air flotation CAF and sectors with greater demand for these teams.

CAF technology is applied as primary treatment in the following sectors:

Food Processing Plants
Slaughterhouses
Meat Industries And Preserves
Production Plants Lipid
Dairies
Processing Citrus
Cosmetic Industries
Municipal Sewage
Paper Industries
Curtidos
Oil Installations
Chemical Process Plants

Powered by

We Care Abouth Your Prosperity

Services We Offer

Hydrocyclone

Cylones Battery

Adsorption Units

Desorption Units

Electrowining Cell

Floculant Prepearing and Dosing Unit

Polymer Dosing System

Ball Mill

Disc Filter

Thickiner

Air Flotation

Tank Cell Cyclonic

Cloumn Cell Flotation

Conventional Flot Machs

Leaching Process

Osmosis System

DAF System

CAF System

Subscribe to Our Newsletter

Başarı Mesajı